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MAC Lyon - Historical Background
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Lyon is in an attractive setting with two hills; Fourvière, "the one which prays," and La Croix-Rousse, "the one which works," and two rivers, the Rhône and the Saône. Its proximity to sunny Mediterranean beaches and the snowy Alps is a further plus for the town. Situated between northern and southern Europe, Lyon was the crossroads for travellers and the exchange of ideas - a fact, which is reflected today in the exceptional remains of its rich past. UNESCO classed its many historic sites as part of worldwide heritage in December 1998.

So what is the history of the town?

Prehistory & Antiquity

Lyon was a marshy, densely wooded place in 20 000 BC. Small tribes from northern Europe had already settled there and created the Condate at the bottom of the Croix-Rousse. They built a shrine at Fourvière to honour their god, Lug (perhaps the origin of Lugdunum, the name which the town was given much later).

In his mission to conquer the Gauls, Julius Caesar erected his war camp on this hill in 58 BC and Canabae, a supply village sprang up at the bottom of the hill. On Julius Cesar's death, the general Lucas Muniatus Plancus founded Lugdunum (lug: god, light, crow, dunum: hill, strong town, sunrise, there are many interpretations of this heritage—the hill of lights? the hill of crows?) on the orders of Rome in order to welcome Romans who had been driven out of Vienna. The second town of the Roman Empire after Rome, Lugdunum was proclaimed the capital of the three Gauls by the Emperor Augustus. The Romans built a theatre, a forum, temples, the shrine which is said to be to Cybèle, baths, aqueducts and comfortable houses. On the slopes of the Croix Rousse the Amphithéâtre des 3 Gaules became the political centre, where every year representatives of 60 tribes from three provinces met. The Gauls adopted the pagan rites of their conquerors and when they were exposed to Christianity from the east there was harsh repression. The martyrs, deacon Sanctus, bishop Pothin and St Blandine, were fed to the lions in the same amphitheatre in the year 177.

The decadence of the Roman Empire and its fall in the year 273 left Lyon open to barbaric invasions. The aqueducts, sabotaged by the Germans, forced the population (deprived of water) to leave Fourvière in ruins and settle in the low town (the basse Vieux Lyon) around the Groupe cathédrale; some remains are still visible today around St Jean's cathedral. The Burgondes, the Sarrasins, the Francs as well as natural disasters, plague, fire and a huge flood in 580 stopped the town's evolution over the years.

Lyon in the Middle Ages

Lyon's dignity was restored for a short time under the reign of Charlemagne (742-814). Then, new conflicts weakened the town. Wars between noblemen meant the town's status changed frequently from being part of the kingdom of France, to belonging to Germany, or the kingdom of Provence, or Burgundy. Over the years Lugdunum became Lyon.

These battles did not abate until the eleventh and twelfth centuries. In 1079 Lyon became the seat of the Primate of the Gauls and therefore gained in importance and power. Houses, churches and abbeys were rebuilt (cf. Saint-Paul and Saint Martin d'Ainay) the quarters of Old Lyon became structured: in the centre the quarter of Saint Jean housed the ecclesiastic powers, craftsmen inhabited the south at St Georges whilst men of the law lived in the North.

In 1307 Philippe the Fair annexed Lyon to the kingdom of France. The town, which had a population of 20 000 inhabitants, was ruled by twelve councils. The Hundred Years war did not immediately affect the people of Lyon, but from 1360, the town suffered from the barbarism of the brigands and Grandes Compagnies.

Towards Modernity

At the beginning of the fifteenth century Lyon saw a time of prosperity. It became the European trade capital. Its fairs (granted by Charles VII and then Louis XI) enjoyed an international influence. Merchandise and merchants came from afar, even from the East. Bankers and usurers flocked to the town and a trade centre came into being on the Place du change (the first credit note was born). Silk and weaving were introduced by the Venetians and the people from Piedmont. Printing revolutionised life in Lyon. La légende dorée was the first French book to be published in 1473. Lyon enjoyed a brilliant cultural life with the likes of Louise Labé, otherwise known as "La Belle Cordière," and Rabelais, who is famous for Gargantua and Pantagruel. The court came more frequently to this prosperous town. Feasts were sumptuous. Charles VIII and his entourage settled here in 1506. Magnificent Renaissance buildings beautified the town: Philibert Delorme's galery inHôtel Bullioud, Gadagne, la Loge du Change... Lyon's special Traboules, (shortcuts from one street to the next by going through the buildings) began to appear. The town had 50 000 inhabitants in 1550. Then dissent from the Protestants began to cause trouble. Religious wars ravaged the town. In 1562 the Terror began, churches were destroyed and people were burnt at the stake. The town was brought to its knees. Then Henry IV's troops brought order to Lyon. In 1600 he married Marie de Medici at the Cathédrale Saint Jean. Catholics and Protestants were reconciled. Four municipal magistrates ruled over the town. The Town Hall was built in 1646 and the services in Lyon were centralised.

A new phase of growth began in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The dazzling reign of Louis XIV benefited the people of Lyon and the town saw real changes. The Place Bellecour and Cordeliers were built. The town extended to the left bank of the Rhône. The Hôtel de Ville, the Loge du Change, the theatre, and the Hôtel Dieu were entrusted to the architect Soufflot. Elegant buildings were erected and the equestrian statue of Louis XIV was built on the Place Bellecour. The town became more structured: a fire brigade was formed, cab drivers began to appear and street names were put up. The silk industry employed 60 000 people. The enlightenment saw the birth of the first veterinary school in Europe, the creation of the Aérostat des Montgolfier and the discoveries of Ampère.

After this redemption, decadence took hold again, in the form of the 1789 revolution. Lyon and its 150 000 inhabitants did not accept the Convention. People were persecuted, guillotined and the retaliation was gruesome. All aristocratic symbols were destroyed. The town lost everything but its name.

Contemporary Lyon

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the town became an important industrial centre. The silk trade took off in the first Empire and the Restoration. The Emperor praised the arrival of the weaving loom invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804. The silk workers began work with their new technique (one loom replaced six men) at the Croix-Rousse. There were no less than 400 companies, which exported as far as the US. However, this spectacular progress was not without repercussions and it led to the revolt of the silk workers in 1831 and again in 1834. At this time progress was fast being made in all areas - the Lumière brothers invented cinema and the Institut Lumière was established in 1895. The industrial era was well underway: in the chemical industry with Rhône Poulenc, in pharmaceuticals with Méieux and with the construction of the automobile Berliet. Urbanisation was also fast developing: the Opéra, the Palais de Justice, the stock exchange, the university the Préfecture, the Basilique de Fourvière were all under construction. The Parc de La Tête d'Or was developed. The main arteries of the town centre were complemented with rich buildings with beautiful facades.

Edourad Herriot, mayor from 1905 to 1957, continued and developed industry (metal, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, photo), finished work on the town's facilities and strengthened the university centre. He entrusted the architect Tony Garnier with the construction of the Halle an arcade of the same name, a hospital, a stadium and housing.

During the Second World War, Lyon became the capital of the Resistance with three big movements: combat, Liberation and Francs Tireurs. The chief of police Jean Moulin, gave his life to the cause. The Red Army freed Edouard Herriot, who was brought to Germany.

After the war, town improvements continued with the development of communications (metro, Satolas airport, motorways and the fast train service the TGV). The town also went through a modernisation program with housing restoration (in the colours of the Renaissance) and the building of a conference centre, Euroexpo, exhibition park, auditorium, dance centre and theatre. The Opéra was redone by Jean Nouvel, the Place des Terreaux was renovated by Drevet and Buren, and it was the age of the Murs Peints and Plan Lumières. Quays, ports as well as historical sites were expanded. New quarters emerged, la Part-Dieu business and trade centre and its important Bibliothèque Municipale, the International city with its Hôtel Hilton and its Casino.

Today Lyon is focused on progress and the future, while at the same time valuing its heritage - as it should - for UNESCO has classified 500 hectares as sites of historical interest.







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Bibliothèque municipale de la Part-Dieu


Storytelling hour
30 Boulevard Marius Vivier-Merle
Lyon 69003
France
+33 4 7862 1800
http://www.bm-lyon.fr/
bm@bm-lyon.fr
The municipal library in Lyon has a floor reserved solely for very young children. The novels and picture books can be read on the spot or taken into one of the many adjoining reading rooms. But on Wednesdays and Saturdays when the clock strikes three, you can see numerous children rushing for the so-called “hour of discovery”, a mystery gathering to which adults are not invited. Through games and storytelling sessions, children from 6 to 8 can learn about art and the library's collections. Themes covered include Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland and other fables. The library also offers a storytelling hour for 3 to 4 year olds.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
 

 
Croix-Rousse


Lyon
France
The Croix-Rousse is known as the former den of the silk workers, which Lyon was famous for until the nineteenth century. The buildings were constructed in the nineteenth century to house the large weaving looms invented by Joseph-Marie Jacquard. The density and shape of the buildings transformed the Croix Rousse into a maze scattered with passageways, which gave them their name - the traboules. The slopes of the hill are also home to many restaurants and bars, where all types of cuisine are to be found. The Croix-Rousse hill became the home of the artists, and the Ecole des Beaux Arts was built on it. By taking an alleyway you will undoubtedly find one of hill's special places like the Amphithéatre gallo-romain where the first Lyonaise martyrs were sacrificed, or the Jardin des Chartreux where there is a superb view over the town.

Review © 2007, Wcities
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Croix-Rousse photo by Benoit Mouren
Photo: Benoit Mouren
Croix-Rousse photo by p | m
Photo: p | m
Croix-Rousse photo by biphop
Photo: biphop
Croix-Rousse photo by Nathan Livings
Photo: Nathan Livings
Croix-Rousse photo by fbailie
Photo: fbailie
Croix-Rousse photo by tehf0x
Photo: tehf0x
Croix-Rousse photo by Alain Lemesle
Photo: Alain Lemesle
Croix-Rousse photo by GoldAuge
Photo: GoldAuge
Croix-Rousse photo by hugo nanni
Photo: hugo nanni
Croix-Rousse photo by JEF AEROSOL
Photo: JEF AEROSOL
Croix-Rousse photo by colinedwards99
Photo: colinedwards99
Croix-Rousse photo by crispus
Photo: crispus
Croix-Rousse photo by Kendra Drischler
Photo: Kendra Drischler
Croix-Rousse photo by mouton.rebelle
Photo: mouton.rebelle
Croix-Rousse photo by Hawk Krall
Photo: Hawk Krall
Croix-Rousse photo by Daiva Repeckaite
Photo: Daiva Repeckaite
Croix-Rousse photo by Lise
Photo: Lise
Croix-Rousse photo by *D.R.I.N.H.E.L.K.*
Photo: *D.R.I.N.H.E.L.K.*
 

 
Exchange Lodge


Protestant temple in a bank!
Place du Change
Lyon 69005
France
The Exchange has symbolised the prosperity of Lyons since the end of the Middle Ages for it is here that the famous fairs have been held. An establishment was constructed in the middle of the 17th century to welcome bankers and had to be extended very quickly - the architect J.G. Soufflot was chosen because of his success on the Presqu'île. From 1748 to 1750 he reintroduced classic architecture to renovate the façade of the lodge. He particulary stayed with the normal order of things in placing Ionic capital columns on the first level between each window, and a Doric architrave on the floor above. This little edifice is not without similarities to Hotel Dieu whose sobriety and harmony of classic architecture made Soufflot a success.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Exchange Lodge photo by wcities
Photo: wcities
 

 
Fourviere


Lyon
France
Old Lyon is situated at the foot of the Fourvière hill. Fourvière represented the very heart of the old town, which explains the large number of Gallo-Roman remains, which jut out from its slopes. The Gallo-Roman civilisation museum presents the history of Lugdunum. Not far from this museum is the Archaeological Park of Fourvière (theatre and Gallo-Roman ampitheatre) where lovers walk in the summer. Today the hill is home to many ecclesiastical communities who live near the famous Basilique de Fourvière, whose strange architecture dominates the whole town. Don't miss the superb view from the Esplanade de Fourvière).

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Fourviere photo by p | m
Photo: p | m
Fourviere photo by Natascha M
Photo: Natascha M
Fourviere photo by ss1mons
Photo: ss1mons
Fourviere photo by Erik Gibb
Photo: Erik Gibb
Fourviere photo by Bromi
Photo: Bromi
Fourviere photo by Damien Babinet
Photo: Damien Babinet
Fourviere photo by Louis FAUQUET
Photo: Louis FAUQUET
Fourviere photo by mimi-a-gogo
Photo: mimi-a-gogo
Fourviere photo by Juan F Molinera
Photo: Juan F Molinera
Fourviere photo by Luciole en couleurs
Photo: Luciole en couleurs
Fourviere photo by heleneyraul
Photo: heleneyraul
Fourviere photo by Jim Bate
Photo: Jim Bate
Fourviere photo by Adrien
Photo: Adrien
Fourviere photo by oon_fr
Photo: oon_fr
Fourviere photo by Manuel Combe
Photo: Manuel Combe
Fourviere photo by maaacik
Photo: maaacik
Fourviere photo by Alexander Tyrrell
Photo: Alexander Tyrrell
Fourviere photo by pepifleuf
Photo: pepifleuf
 

 
Fourvière Basilica


A 19th Century church
Place de Fourvière
Lyon 69005
France
+33 4 7825 8619
http://www.fourviere.org/
info@fourviere.org
Built between 1872 and 1884 by the architect Pierre Bossan, what has been nicknamed the "upside down elephant" is representative of the eclecticism of the end of the 19th century. The oriental and neo-classic influences (twisted columns and columned porticas) are mixed with architecture inspired by the medieval style machicolated towers, which creates a shocking fortress church. An observatory offers spectacular views, and under the basilica is a crypt, accessible from the esplanade. Admission ranges from free to EUR4.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Fourvière Basilica photo by George Kyriazis
Photo: George Kyriazis
Fourvière Basilica photo by Sean Robichaud
Photo: Sean Robichaud
Fourvière Basilica photo by Al
Photo: Al
Fourvière Basilica photo by Dr J Bowman
Photo: Dr J Bowman
Fourvière Basilica photo by Zachary Kowalczyk
Photo: Zachary Kowalczyk
Fourvière Basilica photo by Marnie Doherty
Photo: Marnie Doherty
Fourvière Basilica photo by kcrowley
Photo: kcrowley
Fourvière Basilica photo by Daniel C.H.chang
Photo: Daniel C.H.chang
Fourvière Basilica photo by Angelique Hutchison
Photo: Angelique Hutchison
Fourvière Basilica photo by Shane McGregor
Photo: Shane McGregor
Fourvière Basilica photo by Austin Anderson
Photo: Austin Anderson
Fourvière Basilica photo by Noelle Hurley
Photo: Noelle Hurley
Fourvière Basilica photo by Judy Payne
Photo: Judy Payne
Fourvière Basilica photo by Luis Lebolo
Photo: Luis Lebolo
Fourvière Basilica photo by freespiritaussie
Photo: freespiritaussie
Fourvière Basilica photo by Jérôme Goupil
Photo: Jérôme Goupil
 

 
Gallo-Roman Amphitheatre


Gallo-Roman archaeological site
17 Rue Cléberg
Lyon 69005
France
+33 (0)4 7238 8190
http://www.lyon.fr/vdl/section...
fourviere@rhone.fr
An inscription that was discovered in 1958 and is now on display in the Museum of Gallo-Roman civilisation helped date the construction of this amphitheatre to 19 AD, under Tiberius. This amphitheatre was used for entertainment, but it was also the federal sanctuary of the Three Gauls in which each tribe was represented, thus ensuring loyalty of the Gallic people to the Emperor. The highest social standing a Gaul could reach was to become a federal priest of Rome and Augustus. The amphitheatre nestles on a hill and measures 128 x 104m. Coins displayed in the Museum of Gallo-Roman civilisation reproduce the holiness of the altar of Rome and Augustus which is overlooked by two statues of the Victory perched on columns. A post in the centre of the arena serves as a reminder that the martyrs of 177 were sacrificed in this amphitheatre.

Review © 2007, Wcities
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Gallo-Roman Amphitheatre photo by Anthony V. Teelucksingh
Photo: Anthony V. Teelucksingh
Gallo-Roman Amphitheatre photo by Anthony V. Teelucksingh
Photo: Anthony V. Teelucksingh
Gallo-Roman Amphitheatre photo by Jim G
Photo: Jim G
 

 
Halle Tony Garnier


A contemporary monument
Place Antonin Perrin
Lyon 69007
France
+33 4 7276 8585
http://www.halle-tony-garnier....
htg@halle-tony-garnier.com
This hall was built between 1909 and 1914 as an outline for the larger city built by the architect (see Quartier des Etats Unis). It was inaugurated for the 1914 Universal Exhibition as a project for an "industrial city". Nowadays, this hall is used for concerts and exhibitions but not so long ago it was still Lyon's meat market. Up till 1974 it belonged to a slaughterhouse and in 1975 was classified as a historical monument. It was also used temporarily as an arsenal during the 1st World War. Tony Garnier was inspired by 19th century glass and steel architecture, and imagined a pure concrete structure covered by a huge steel frame and a glass roof to let in the light. Garnier was more of a theorist than an architect as his buildings included all the functions of a slaughterhouse.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Halle Tony Garnier photo by Aurélien Selle
Photo: Aurélien Selle
Halle Tony Garnier photo by Thanh-Hà Bui
Photo: Thanh-Hà Bui
 

 
Hilton Lyon


In the international area
70 Quai Charles-de-Gaulle
Lyon 69006
France
+33 4 7817 5050
http://www.hilton-lyon.com
This hotel was awarded 4 stars and a palm by the Lyon Tourist Office. For several years the Cité Internationale has been a hotspot for economic, political and cultural gatherings, so it is only natural that a hotel with this prestigious name would be found here. The Hilton fits in perfectly, as its modern architecture compliments that of the other buildings of the area. Inside these buildings you can visit the Contemporary Art Museum, go and see the casino, or take advantage of the incredible acoustics inside the immense auditoriums of the UGC cinema.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Hilton Lyon photo by Jim G
Photo: Jim G
 

 
History Museum of Lyon


Historical museum of the town of Lyon
1 Place du Petit-Collège
Lyon 69005
France
+33 4 7842 0361
gadagne@mairie-lyon.fr
Musee Historique de Lyon is located in one of the most prestigious Renaissance buildings in old Lyon. Constructed at the start of the 16th century by the son of a spice seller, it was turned into the museum in 1921. The history of Lyon from the middle ages to the 19th century is presented through archaeological relics, sculptures, paintings, lithographs, cards and maps. Spread out over 3 floors, you won't be disappointed in this history lesson that brings the past alive.

Review © 2007, Wcities
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History Museum of Lyon photo by wcities
Photo: wcities
 

 
Hôtel Bullioud


A treasure of Renaissance architecture designed in the 16th century
8 Rue Juiverie
Lyon 69005
France
+33 4 7277 6969
This mansion is a treasure of Renaissance architecture designed in 1536 by Philibert Delorme (1510-1570) one of the greatest French architects of his time. In the first courtyard, admire the well decorated with a coat of arms before going into the second to see the famous gallery that Antoine Bullioud had made to connect two of his apartments. Philibert Delorme had to adapt his design to an architecture that already existed but as this was relatively simple he was able to show the gallery to its best advantage by adding decorations inspired by ancient temples. Opposite the gallery & up a spiral staircase is a terrace where you can admire the pillars that support the corner towers. Delorme plays with the chronological order of architecture by superposing Doric and Ionic motifs.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Hôtel Bullioud photo by Roudou
Photo: Roudou
 

 
Hôtel Dieu


General hospital founded in the 6th century
1 Place de l'Hôpital
Lyon 69002
France
+33 4 7241 3042
According to the legend, King Childebert and his wife Ultrogothe founded this hospital in 542. Their statues were erected on the first floor of the façade as a reminder of their good work with the sick and needy. When Jacques Blanc rebuilt the hospital between 1622 and 1627, the King still wanted it to serve the poor but the number of patients had risen considerably. The building, located today between the quai du Rhône and the grande rue de l'Hôpital, isn't big enough to cover the needs of a growing population. The ingenious cross-shaped layout and the little dome with cut-off sections (the first in France) bear witness to his talent. In 1732,the hospital governors sent the King a plan to enlarge the buildings and make it a showpiece for the town. At that time, the left bank was relatively undeveloped and the future building must have impressed people coming in from the Dauphiné countryside. A young architect named Jacques-Germain Soufflot won the competition to redesign the hospital with his ambitious project to incorporate the existing buildings. Work on this neo-classical building with Ionic colonnades on the front and Doric pillars inside was started in 1741 and finished in 1837. It is now a majestic enclosure along the Rhône hiding its real purpose behind its walls. Inside, a chapel has been set up under the dome and its central position enables the patients to listen to the services from their beds. The Hôtel Dieu is now home Musée des hospices civils de Lyon).

Review © 2007, Wcities
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Hôtel Dieu photo by Agustin Cacciola
Photo: Agustin Cacciola
Hôtel Dieu photo by Daniel Araya
Photo: Daniel Araya
Hôtel Dieu photo by Alexis Hutcheson
Photo: Alexis Hutcheson
Hôtel Dieu photo by Oliver Waine
Photo: Oliver Waine
Hôtel Dieu photo by Carmelo Speltino
Photo: Carmelo Speltino
Hôtel Dieu photo by hervé blachère
Photo: hervé blachère
Hôtel Dieu photo by Guillaume Lavaure
Photo: Guillaume Lavaure
Hôtel Dieu photo by paysages
Photo: paysages
Hôtel Dieu photo by Sabaudia69
Photo: Sabaudia69
Hôtel Dieu photo by Amphone Bounphane
Photo: Amphone Bounphane
Hôtel Dieu photo by Andra Vargas
Photo: Andra Vargas
 

 
Lumière Institute


Cinema was born in Lyon, and the Institut Lumière proves it!
25 Rue du Premier-Film
Lyon 69008
France
+33 (0)4 7878 1895
http://www.institut-lumiere.org/
contact@institut-lumiere.org
This museum and former home of famous inventors Louis and Auguste Lumière is dedicated to all things related to the the world of theatre and cinema. Exhibitions include a display of the brothers' inventions, and there is a theatre for documentaries, conferences or screenings and a library. Many events, festivals, conferences and meetings are organised throughout the year and, in the Summer, there are free open-air films in front of the castle. Admission to the Hangar du Premier-Film theatre is mostly free; check the Web site for details.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
 

 
Lyon City Hall


A majestic 17-18th century city hall restored by architect Mansart
1 Place de la Comédie
Lyon 69001
France
+33 4 7210 3030
In the 17th century the councillors and council offices had offices in the hôtel de la Couronne but a decision was made rapidly to construct a more suitable building. So, between 1646 and 1672, S.Maupin was responsible for building a monument that reflected the ambitions of the city of Lyon: he imagined four buildings around an entrance courtyard (opposite today's Opéra house). In this courtyard a portico and a grand staircase lead to the "cour d'honneur". The building was barely finished in 1674 when it caught fire and further financing and extensive re-decoration were needed. All the pavilions and the belfry (containing 65 bells) resisted reasonably well until the restoration started in 1700 under the guidance of J.H.Mansart who also improved the outer decor. A magnificent hemicycle-shaped portico decorated with Gods of the sea and a Cyclops was added in the "cour d'honneur". Mansart completed his design with the ancient architecture he so admired. The decoration of the main rooms, such as "la grandeur consulaire de Lyon" painted by T.Blanchet in 1660, was a source of great pride for the city of Lyon and its councillors.

Review © 2007, Wcities
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Lyon City Hall photo by Pierre Numérique
Photo: Pierre Numérique
Lyon City Hall photo by skramble.com
Photo: skramble.com
Lyon City Hall photo by orangetokyo
Photo: orangetokyo
Lyon City Hall photo by Damien Bargiacchi
Photo: Damien Bargiacchi
Lyon City Hall photo by Flocopops
Photo: Flocopops
Lyon City Hall photo by Domdomfrommionnay
Photo: Domdomfrommionnay
Lyon City Hall photo by simhuiyin85
Photo: simhuiyin85
 

 
National Opera of Lyon


A neo-classical opera house
1 Place de la Comédie
Lyon 69001
France
+33 4 7200 4545
http://www.opera-lyon.com/
contact@opera-lyon.com
If there is one opera house that bears witness to the theatrical past of its town, then it is the Opera House of Lyons. Architects J.M. Pollet and A.M. Chenavard chose to build their new opera house exactly where Soufflot built his theatre in 1756. This opera house was built between 1756 and 1832 to cater to the growing popularity of opera in Lyons at the end of the 18th century. The style is neo-classical, which was typical of the time, with a peristyle on the ground floor and decor you would expect in a Greco-Roman temple with its chimera and muses - eight out of nine celebrating the Arts! Following a competition set up by the Council of Lyons, the Opera House was renovated by the architect Jean Nouvel between 1985 and 1993. He succeeded to preserve the original structure and the four outer façades whilst giving it a modern face lift. Extra floors have been added in the basement and the upper part to increase the overall capacity of the building. It now accommodates a corps de ballet, an orchestra as well as many rehearsal rooms, storage areas for costumes and props. The main hall has been decorated using various black and red materials such as granite and wood and uses a soft lighting system which is particularly effective at nightfall when combined with the outside lights. There is a classic programme including Prokofiev, Puccini and Ravel.

Review © 2007, Wcities
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National Opera of Lyon photo by JaHoVil
Photo: JaHoVil
National Opera of Lyon photo by Patrick GUYENNON
Photo: Patrick GUYENNON
National Opera of Lyon photo by nick_g
Photo: nick_g
 

 
Old Palace of Justice


Former Law Courts, neoclassical design
Quai Romain-Rolland
Lyon 69005
France
The old Palais de Justice (the new one is located in the Part Dieu district) was built on the banks of the Saône by L.P. Baltard between 1835 and 1845, at a time when classical antiquity was in vogue for art and architecture. The façade that overlooks the Saone river is neo-classical and resembles a Greco-Roman temple with 24 fluted columns and Corinthian capitals, Attic entablature and a monumental staircase. The effect is striking. The palace is organised around "la salle des pas perdus" where the accused, lawyers and private parties would wait their turn to appear before the judge. This extraordinary room covered by three cupolas illustrates themes close to the heart of justice.

Review © 2007, Wcities
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Old Palace of Justice photo by wcities
Photo: wcities
 

 
Place Bellecour


Vast Royal square
Place Bellecour
(Lyon Center exit)
Lyon 69002
France
Place Bellecour is one of the few remaining Royal squares in France: the French Revolution took its toll here as elsewhere and the statue erected by Desjardins in 1691 was destroyed. A sculptor named Lemot built a new statue of Louis XIV in 1828. At the base of the pedestal 2 statues of the Coustou brothers symbolise the Rhône river (East) and the Saône river (West). This huge square measuring 310x200m has a surface of red sand and is as important to Lyon's heritage as the Basilique de Fourvière. Some say this square serves no purpose except as the starting point for various rallies and demonstrations but in fact it is a unique 18th century ensemble.

Review © 2007, Wcities
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Place Bellecour photo by olivier CASTETS
Photo: olivier CASTETS
Place Bellecour photo by Camille Vilain
Photo: Camille Vilain
Place Bellecour photo by Gold Auraque
Photo: Gold Auraque
Place Bellecour photo by Fabien VIGNON
Photo: Fabien VIGNON
Place Bellecour photo by cb de damiette
Photo: cb de damiette
Place Bellecour photo by RR Newman
Photo: RR Newman
Place Bellecour photo by Délicate&Saine
Photo: Délicate&Saine
Place Bellecour photo by t@cha
Photo: t@cha
Place Bellecour photo by ash matadeen
Photo: ash matadeen
Place Bellecour photo by Paul  Raasveldt
Photo: Paul Raasveldt
Place Bellecour photo by Thierry Loir
Photo: Thierry Loir
Place Bellecour photo by Richard Barry
Photo: Richard Barry
Place Bellecour photo by Nacer
Photo: Nacer
Place Bellecour photo by Mark J Smith
Photo: Mark J Smith
Place Bellecour photo by Kari Masson
Photo: Kari Masson
Place Bellecour photo by Lori
Photo: Lori
Place Bellecour photo by julie denoeud
Photo: julie denoeud
Place Bellecour photo by Michael Leftwich
Photo: Michael Leftwich
 

 
Place des Terreaux


Large public square
1-25 Place des Terreaux
(Rue d'Algerie)
Lyon 69001
France
The word "terreaux" describes the old moats and medieval mud ("terre") walls that protected the town up to the end of the 16th century. These were filled in to make room for a large square where the town's guillotine was erected. It is the second most important square after Place Bellecour, as it is flanked by Palais Saint Pierre and the Hôtel de Ville (city hall). In 1892, the city council bought a statue from the famous sculptor Bartholdi (of Statue of Liberty fame) which Bordeaux had commissioned then refused.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Place des Terreaux photo by eleonor
Photo: eleonor
Place des Terreaux photo by Jen Penkethman
Photo: Jen Penkethman
Place des Terreaux photo by Javier rIL (www.ril.es)
Photo: Javier rIL (www.ril.es)
Place des Terreaux photo by Laurent-Walter Goix
Photo: Laurent-Walter Goix
Place des Terreaux photo by Francine Clouden
Photo: Francine Clouden
Place des Terreaux photo by Tim Papenfuss
Photo: Tim Papenfuss
Place des Terreaux photo by Fabienne Chemin
Photo: Fabienne Chemin
Place des Terreaux photo by Laurent Battesti
Photo: Laurent Battesti
Place des Terreaux photo by J. Attiogbe
Photo: J. Attiogbe
Place des Terreaux photo by Fotis Karagiannis
Photo: Fotis Karagiannis
Place des Terreaux photo by Emily Shirley
Photo: Emily Shirley
Place des Terreaux photo by Anaël Pichon
Photo: Anaël Pichon
Place des Terreaux photo by Mihaela Pacurar
Photo: Mihaela Pacurar
 

 
Rhône Regional Administrative Building


Regional administrative building
29 Cours de la Liberté
Lyon 69003
France
+33 4 7261 7777
This regional administrative building was constructed by A. Louvier (1879-90) along the lines of the Hôtel de Ville de Lyon and the Palais du Commerce. The building had to fulfil the administrative requirements of the Préfecture (regional administration centre) as well as look after its citizens. In some ways, it is a kind of institutional art ... and that is how the city of Lyons is represented on the central pediment, leaning against the Monts du Lyonnais. On the ground floor, four medal shaped panels depict the local economy and the three major rivers in the area (Rhône, Saône, Azergues). The inside layout is similar to the Palais du Commerce - the entrance gives on to an atrium whose impressive double spiralled staircase is worthy of some of the greatest theatres, such as that in Bordeaux or the Opéra Garnier in Paris. The painted décor depicts agriculture and local industries - the Gloires du Lyonnais et du Beaujolais by E. Fournier (1904) in the main hall will remind us of the paintings in the Hôtel de Ville de Lyon

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
 

 
Saint-Martin d'Ainay


Romanesque abbey
Place d'Ainay
Lyon 69002
France
+33 4 7240 0250
Like the église Saint Paul in old Lyons, the abbey of Saint Martin d'Ainay is proof of the Romanesque Lyons architecture often eclipsed by the Gothic. Dating at least from the Carolingian era, the present abbey, of which there remains nothing but the church, dates mostly from the 12th century. The buildings at the end of the Middle Ages reflected the wealth of the abbey but the Protestants judged this wealth incompatible with monastic vows, so they looted the abbey. The Revolution finished what they started. Today it remains a testimony to architectural history of the area and is a favorite of visitors. Admission is free.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Saint-Martin d'Ainay photo by Stephen Shimanek
Photo: Stephen Shimanek
Saint-Martin d'Ainay photo by Marie Noëlle Taine
Photo: Marie Noëlle Taine
 

 
Saint-Paul


A rare example of a Romanesque church in Lyons
1 Place Gerson
Lyon 69005
France
+33 4 7828 3445
One of the oldest churches in Lyon (it appears in a 9th century text by Bishop Leidrade), the Romanesque architecture of Saint Paul matches the abbey church of Saint-Martin d'Ainay (cf. Saint Martin d'Ainay). In the 19th century the revival of interest in medieval art prompted several neo-Gothic additions (spire, west portal), but the church thankfully keeps its Romanesque coherence. The octagonal tower at the transept crossing and the chapels near to the apse have also kept their arched openings decorated with small columns. The west steeple dates from the 15th century. The nave and the lower sides of the church have a surprising Romano-Gothic look. For the most part, the Romanesque walls were replaced in order to make more space and allow more light in - notably with the addition of rib vaults (a characteristic of what is called Gothic architecture). In the church of Saint Paul the Romanesque walls were kept but spiced up with Gothic innovations - this is the particular architectural feature of the church. The dome situated at the transept crossing is remarkable because it consists of two superimposed octagons. Services are held at 6:30p M-F and 10a & 11:30a Su.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Saint-Paul photo by Sébastien DELORME
Photo: Sébastien DELORME
 

 
St. Jean Cathedral


Cathedral
Place St-Jean
Lyon 69005
France
+33 4 7842 2825
http://cathedrale-lyon.cef.fr/
cathedrale@cathedrale-lyon.cef.fr
The church of Lyon's bishop, one of Gaul's most important, has been situated on the banks of the Saone at the bottom of Fourvière hill since the 4th century (Saint Jean Archeological Garden). Construction of the present building started in 1170-1180 and the chancel and façade were finished in the 14th century: the cathedral is a testament to the evolution of Lyon's religious architecture. This historical church is host to many events, concerts and religious lectures throughout the year.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Duncan Laws
Photo: Duncan Laws
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Jbeuh
Photo: Jbeuh
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Erica Rothman
Photo: Erica Rothman
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Alexandre Martin
Photo: Alexandre Martin
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Benoît Mayaux
Photo: Benoît Mayaux
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Arnet
Photo: Arnet
St. Jean Cathedral photo by AtelierChouette
Photo: AtelierChouette
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Olivier et Anne
Photo: Olivier et Anne
St. Jean Cathedral photo by mstalcup
Photo: mstalcup
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Trang Meow
Photo: Trang Meow
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Pierre Claveirole
Photo: Pierre Claveirole
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Maryan
Photo: Maryan
St. Jean Cathedral photo by Jacque Cilliers
Photo: Jacque Cilliers
 

 
St. Jean Passages


Passages in Old Lyon
Rue St-Jean
Lyon 69005
France
As villages developed around the bottom of Fourvière hill in the 12th-13th centuries, another community grew up around Saint-Jean cathedral. The constructions here were practically all the same - a house overlooking the street and a house behind that overlooked inner courtyard, which were connected by loggias and spiral staircases. Passages were created to make it easier to get from the street to the house in the courtyard. There are quite a few of these passages, named "traboules", in the Vieux Lyon district, which give you access to the inner courtyards of Gothic and Renaissance houses. For some, an entry code is needed, but most home-owners let visitors walk around freely during the day. However, do remember that the "traboules" are private property, so respect them. Here are some ideas of "traboules" to try: Entrance (Exit) and vice-versa: 2, place du Gouvernement (10, quai R. Rolland); 3, place du Gouvernement (11, quai R. Rolland); 10, rue Saint Jean (2, place du Petit Collège); 9, rue des Trois Maries (17, quai R. Rolland); 13, rue des Trois Maries (18, quai R. Rolland); 24, rue Saint Jean (1, rue du Boeuf); 40, rue Saint Jean (5, place Neuve); 54, rue Saint Jean (27, rue du Boeuf).

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
St. Jean Passages photo by Daniel Araya
Photo: Daniel Araya
 

 
Tête d'Or Park


105-hectare Park
Boulevard des Belges
Lyon 69006
France
+33 4 7889 0203
http://www.parc-tete-dor.com/l...
Legend has it that this park is named for the golden head of Christ that is hidden somewhere on site. Unbelievable? Well, so is this park that covers more than 105 hectares and has a zoo, a 5-hectare rose garden and enormous greenhouses filled with exotic species—not to mention a mysterious island! This park is considered to be the "lung" of Lyon and is so popular that sometimes during weekends, joggers, families with push chairs and cyclists have trouble finding enough space. Admission is free.

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Tête d'Or Park photo by Anna belle lee
Photo: Anna belle lee
Tête d'Or Park photo by Pierre Numérique
Photo: Pierre Numérique
Tête d'Or Park photo by Stéphanie Pommier
Photo: Stéphanie Pommier
Tête d'Or Park photo by lia ITANI
Photo: lia ITANI
Tête d'Or Park photo by chanteperdrixcyril
Photo: chanteperdrixcyril
Tête d'Or Park photo by Magali Deval
Photo: Magali Deval
Tête d'Or Park photo by Cardith Hung
Photo: Cardith Hung
Tête d'Or Park photo by Cosmo Kramer
Photo: Cosmo Kramer
Tête d'Or Park photo by kl loth
Photo: kl loth
Tête d'Or Park photo by Aurora Fdz.Abelleira
Photo: Aurora Fdz.Abelleira
Tête d'Or Park photo by Jason
Photo: Jason
 

 
Vieux Lyon


Guided tour in French and English
6 Place Bellecour
(Place Bellecour)
Lyon 69002
France
+33 4 7277 6969 (Lyon Tourism Office)
http://www.vieux-lyon.com/
info@vieux-lyon.com
UNESCO recently listed the old part of Lyons, Vieux Lyon, including the Croix-Rousse and Presqu'île areas as a world heritage site,this Gothic and Renaissance district, famous for its maze of narrow streets and elegant buildings certainly deserves it! The office du tourisme de Lyon organizes guided tours in English and French, which help you discover the complexity and beauty of cathédrale Saint Jean and the maze of streets and passageways, such as the famous traboules. Visits are also organised on Wednesdays and Thursdays (Please inquire at the Tourist Office). Meeting point at the Bureau des Guides (avenue Adolphe Max, métro Vieux Lyon).

Review © 2007, Wcities
hotel availability
Vieux Lyon photo by lieblingshanni
Photo: lieblingshanni
Vieux Lyon photo by Frederic
Photo: Frederic
Vieux Lyon photo by guayaquilsalinas
Photo: guayaquilsalinas
Vieux Lyon photo by Vappu Kannas
Photo: Vappu Kannas
Vieux Lyon photo by Myrfa
Photo: Myrfa
Vieux Lyon photo by Laetitia Tauban
Photo: Laetitia Tauban
Vieux Lyon photo by palabrasmagicas
Photo: palabrasmagicas
Vieux Lyon photo by Hideki Seto
Photo: Hideki Seto
Vieux Lyon photo by fino22
Photo: fino22
Vieux Lyon photo by Chourka  Glogowski
Photo: Chourka Glogowski
Vieux Lyon photo by breathesgelatin
Photo: breathesgelatin
Vieux Lyon photo by parsia kananian
Photo: parsia kananian
Vieux Lyon photo by Guillermo Vale
Photo: Guillermo Vale
 

 
Other Schmapplets in this city related to "Lyon - Historical Background"
Lyon
Lyon - Neighborhood Guide
Lyon - Where to Stay
Lyon - Dining & Drinking
Lyon - Art & Entertainment

Other nearby cities:
Turin (234 miles)
Montpellier (249 miles)
Marseille (256 miles)
Cannes (295 miles)
Nice (297 miles)
Milan (339 miles)
Genoa (355 miles)
Paris (405 miles)
Bordeaux (438 miles)
Verona (481 miles)

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